Professor Per Vult von Steyern
CEO
Per Vult von Steyern is Doctor of Odontology, licensed specialist, and professor in prosthetic dentistry. He has carried out several clinical and laboratory studies in his main research field of Dental ceramics, studies that are reported and published in international scientific journals. He has written several textbook chapters and is an internationally recognized and awarded lecturer. He is also president of the Swedish Dental Society since 2017 and the former president of the Scandinavian Society for Prosthetic Dentistry (2017 - 2022). Between 2009 and 2023 he was professor and chair of the Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University. Per was named CEO of NIOM in May 2023.
Gardell, E. / Vult Von Steyern, P. (2025).
Monolithic- and Partially Veneered High-Translucent Zirconium Dioxide (YSZ), A 4-Year Follow-Up of a Multicenter Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial on Posterior FDPs
Int J Prosthodont. 2025 Jul 21;0(0):1-25.
Doi: 10.11607/ijp.9075 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Gul, A., Papia, E., Naimi-Akbar, A., Ruud, A. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2024).
Zirconia dental implants; the relationship between design and clinical outcome: A systematic review.
Journal of Dentistry, Volume 143, 104903, ISSN 0300-5712.
Doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104903 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Stavropoulos, A., Bertl, K., Isidor, F. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2023).
Implantoplasty and the risk of fracture of narrow implants with advanced bone loss: A laboratory study.
Clinical Oral Implants Research, Vol. 34, Issue 10, SN 0905-7161, SP-EP 1038-1046.
Doi: 10.1111/clr.14132 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Vult von Steyern, P., Bruzell, E., Vos, L., Andersen, F. S. & Ruud, A. (2022).
Sintering temperature accuracy and its effect on translucent yttria-stabilized zirconia: Flexural strength, crystal structure, tetragonality and light transmission.
Dental Materials, Volume 38, Issue 7, Pages 1099-1107, ISSN 0109-5641.
Doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.04.023 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Heidari, N., Amawi, R., Seweryniak, P., Bakitian, F. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2022).
Fracture resistance and fracture behaviour of monolithic multi-layered translucent zirconia fixed dental prostheses with different placing strategies of connector: An in vitro study.
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry, 2022; Volume 14: Pages 61-69.
Doi: 10.2147/CCIDE.S344941 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Bertl, K., Isidor, F., Vult von Steyern, P. & Stavropoulos, A. (2021).
Does implantoplasty affect the failure strength of narrow and regular diameter implants? A laboratory study.
Clinical Oral Investigations, Vol. 25, Issue 4, SP-EP 2203-2211, SN 1436-3771.
Doi: 10.1007/s00784-020-03534-8 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Rutkunas, V., Larsson, C., Vult von Steyern, P., Mangano, F. & Gedrimiene, A. (2020).
Clinical and laboratory passive fit assessment of implant-supported zirconia restorations fabricated using conventional and digital workflow.
Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research, Vol. 22, Issue 2, SP-EP: 237-245, SN 1523-0899.
Doi: 10.1111/cid.12885 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Gardell, E., Larsson, C. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2021).
Translucent zirconium dioxide and lithium disilicate: A 3-Year follow-up of a prospective, practice-based randomized controlled trial on posterior monolithic crowns.
The International journal of prosthodontics, 34(2), 163–172.
Doi: 10.11607/ijp.6795 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Bakitian, F., Papia, E., Larsson, C. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2020).
Evaluation of stress distribution in tooth-supported fixed dental prostheses made of translucent zirconia with variations in framework designs: A three-dimensional finite element analysis.
Journal of Prosthodontics, Vol. 29, Issue 4, SP-EP: 315-322, SN 1059-941X.
Doi: 10.1111/jopr.13146 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Löfroth, M., Ghasemimehr, M., Falk, A. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2019).
Bisphenol A in dental materials - existence, leakage and biological effects.
Heliyon, 5(5), e01711, SN 2405-8440.
Doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01711 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Hjerppe, J. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2019).
Two decades of zirconia as a dental biomaterial – what have we learned?
Nor Tannlegeforen Tid. 2019; 129(1): 22–28.
Link to article Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Johansson, C. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2019).
Porslin och glaskeramer – våra mest estetiska material.
Nor Tannlegeforen Tid. 2019; 129(1): 14–19.
Link to article Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Gjerdet, N. R., Gotfredsen, K., Tanner, J., Vult von Steyern, P. & Øilo, M. (2019).
Ceramics in dentistry.
Nor Tannlegeforen Tid. 2019; 129(1): 8-11.
Link to article Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Lindström, M. J. R., Ahmad, M., Jimbo, R., Ameri, A., Vult Von Steyern, P. & Becktor, J. P. (2019).
Volumetric measurement of dentoalveolar defects by means of intraoral 3D scanner and gravimetric model.
Odontology, Vol. 107, Issue 3, SP-EP: 353-359, SN 1618-1255.
Doi: 10.1007/s10266-018-00410-6 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Bakitian, F., Seweryniak, P., Papia, E., Larsson, C. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2019).
Load-bearing capacity of monolithic zirconia fixed dental prostheses fabricated with different connector designs and embrasure shaping methods.
Journal of Prosthodontics, Vol. 28, Issue 1, SP-EP: 64-70, SN 1059-941X.
Doi: 10.1111/jopr.13002 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Nakamura, K., Ankyu, S., Nilsson, F., Kanno, T., Niwano, Y., Vult von Steyern, P. & Örtengren, U. (2018).
Critical considerations on load-to-failure test for monolithic zirconia molar crowns.
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, Vol. 87, SP-EP: 180-189, SN 1751-6161.
Doi: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.07.034 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Bakitian, F., Seweryniak, P., Papia, E., Larsson, C. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2018).
Effect of different semimonolithic designs on fracture resistance and fracture mode of translucent and high-translucent zirconia crowns.
Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dentistry, 10, 51–60.
Doi: 10.2147/CCIDE.S157118 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Papia, E., Arnoldsson, P., Baudinova, A., Jimbo, R. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2018).
Cast, milled and EBM-manufactured titanium, differences in porcelain shear bond strength.
Dental Materials Journal, Vol. 37, Issue 2, SP-EP: 214-221.
Doi: 10.4012/dmj.2016-404 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Bakitian, F., Seweryniak, P., Papia, E., Larsson, C. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2017).
Fracture strength of veneered translucent zirconium dioxide crowns with different porcelain thicknesses.
Acta Biomaterialia Odontologica Scandinavica, Vol. 3, Issue 1, SP-EP: 74-83.
Doi: 10.1080/23337931.2017.1403288 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Haag, P., Khan, F., Andersson, M. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2018).
Influence of firing conditions and production methods on fracture strength of titanium-based metal ceramic crowns.
Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, Vol. 32, Issue 3, SP-EP: 225-238, SN 0169-4243.
Doi: 10.1080/01694243.2017.1352119 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Korduner, E-K., Söderfeldt, B., Bagewitz, I., Vult von Steyern, P. & Wolf, E. (2016).
The shortened dental arch concept from the perspective of Swedish General Dental Practitioners: a qualitative study.
Swedish Dental Journal, 40(1): 1-12.
Link to article Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Korduner, E-K., Collin Bagewitz, I., Vult von Steyern, P. & Wolf, E. (2016).
Prosthodontic decision-making relating to dentitions with compromised molars: the perspective of Swedish general dental practitioners.
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, Vol. 43, Issue 12, SP-EP: 967-976, SN 0305-182X.
Doi: 10.1111/joor.12432 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Larsson, C. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2016).
Ten-year follow-up of implant-supported all-ceramic fixed dental prostheses: A randomized, prospective clinical trial.
The International journal of prosthodontics, Vol. 29, SP-EP: 31-34.
Doi: 10.11607/ijp.4328 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Mahmood, D., Linderoth, E., Wennerberg, A. & Vult Von Steyern, P. (2016).
Influence of core design, production technique, and material selection on fracture behavior of yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal fixed dental prostheses produced using different multilayer techniques: split-file, over-pressing, and manually built-up veneers.
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry, Vol. 8, Pages 15-27.
Doi: 10.2147/CCIDE.S94343 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Nordahl, N., Vult von Steyern, P. & Larsson, C. (2015).
Fracture strength of ceramic monolithic crown systems of different thickness.
Journal of Oral Science, Vol. 57, Issue 3, SP-EP: 255-261.
Doi: 10.2334/josnusd.57.255 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Larsson, C., Drazic, M., Nilsson, E. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2015).
Fracture of porcelain-veneered gold-alloy and zirconia molar crowns using a modified test set-up.
Acta Biomaterialia Odontologica Scandinavica, 1(1), 35–42, ISSN 2333-7931.
Doi: 10.3109/23337931.2015.1057825 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Papia, E., Jimbo, R., Chrcanovic, B. R., Andersson, M. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2014).
Surface structure and mechanical properties of impaction-modified Y-TZP.
Dental Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 8, SP-EP: 808-816, SN 0109-5641.
Doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.05.002 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Borg, M., Vult von Steyern, P. & Larsson, C. (2014).
Titanium- and zirconia-based implant-supported fixed dental prostheses. A randomized, prospective clinical pilot study.
Swedish Dental Journal, Vol. 38, Issue 1, 23-30.
Link to article Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Vennerström, M., Fakhary, M. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2014).
The fit of crowns produced using digital impression systems.
Swedish dental journal, Vol. 38, SP-EP: 101-10.
Link to article Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Vult von Steyern, P., Ekstrand, K., Svanborg, P. & Örtorp, A. (2014).
Framställning av protetiska konstruktioner.
Tandläkartidningen, Årg. 106, Nr. 2, 56-66.
Link to article Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Mahmood, D. J., Linderoth, E. H., Von Steyern, P. V. & Wennerberg, A. (2013).
Fracture strength of all-ceramic (Y-TZP) three- and four-unit fixed dental prostheses with different connector design and production history.
Swedish dental journal, 37(4), 179–187.
Link to article Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Papia, E., Larsson, C., du Toit, M. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2014).
Bonding between oxide ceramics and adhesive cement systems: A systematic review.
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials, Vol. 102, Issue 2, SP-EP: 395-413, SN 1552-4973.
Doi: 10.1002/jbm.b.33013 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Johansson, C., Kmet, G., Rivera, J., Larsson, C. & Vult Von Steyern, P. (2013).
Fracture strength of monolithic all-ceramic crowns made of high translucent yttrium oxide-stabilized zirconium dioxide compared to porcelain-veneered crowns and lithium disilicate crowns.
Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 72(2), 145–153.
Doi: 10.3109/00016357.2013.822098 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Hama Suleiman, S. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2013).
Fracture strength of porcelain fused to metal crowns made of cast, milled or laser-sintered cobalt-chromium.
Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 71(5), 1280–1289.
Doi: 10.3109/00016357.2012.757650 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Larsson, C. & Vult Von Steyern, P. (2012).
Implant-supported full-arch zirconia-based mandibular fixed dental prostheses. Eight-year results from a clinical pilot study.
Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 71(5), 1118–1122.
Doi: 10.3109/00016357.2012.749518 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Ambré, M. J., Aschan, F. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2013).
Fracture strength of yttria-stabilized zirconium-dioxide (Y-TZP)fFixed dental prostheses (FDPs) with different abutment core thicknesses and connector dimensions.
Journal of Prosthodontics, Vol. 22, Issue 5, SP-EP: 377-382, SN 1059-941X.
Doi: 10.1111/jopr.12003 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Gracis, S., Michalakis, K., Vigolo, P., Vult von Steyern, P., Zwahlen, M. & Sailer, I. (2012).
Internal vs. external connections for abutments/reconstructions: a systematic review.
Clinical Oral Implants Research, Vol. 23, Issue s6, SP-EP: 202-216, SN 0905-7161.
Doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2012.02556.x Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Papia, E., Zethraeus, J., Ransbäck, P-Å., Wennerberg, A. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2012).
Impaction-modified densely sintered yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconium dioxide: Methodology, surface structure, and bond strength>.
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials, Vol. 100B, Issue 3, SP-EP: 677-684, SN 1552-4973.
Doi: 10.1002/jbm.b.31992 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Mahmood, D. J. H., Linderoth, E. H. & Vult Von Steyern, P. (2011).
The influence of support properties and complexity on fracture strength and fracture mode of all-ceramic fixed dental prostheses.
Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 69(4), 229–237.
Doi: 10.3109/00016357.2010.549508 Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Larsson, C., Madhoun, S. E., Wennerberg, A. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2012).
Fracture strength of yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals crowns with different design: an in vitro study.
Clinical Oral Implants Research, Vol. 23, Issue 7, SP-EP: 820-826, SN 0905-7161.
Doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02224.x Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Laegreid, T., Gjerdet, N. R., Vult von Steyern, P. & Johansson, A. K. (2011).
Class II composite restorations: importance of cervical enamel in vitro.
Operative dentistry, 36(2), 187–195.
Doi: 10.2341/10-126-L Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Larsson, C. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2010).
Five-year follow-up of implant-supported Y-TZP and ZTA fixed dental prostheses. A randomized, prospective clinical trial comparing two different material systems.
The International journal of prosthodontics, 23(6), 555–561.
Link to article Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Larsson, C., Vult von Steyern, P. & Nilner, K. (2010).
A prospective study of implant-supported full-arch yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal mandibular fixed dental prostheses: three-year results.
The International journal of prosthodontics, 23(4), 364–369.
Link to article Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Bahat, Z., Mahmood, D. J. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2009).
Fracture strength of three-unit fixed partial denture cores (Y-TZP) with different connector dimension and design.
Swedish dental journal, 33(3), 149–159.
Link to article Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Papia, E. & Vult von Steyern, P. (2008).
Bond strength between different bonding systems and densely sintered alumina with sandblasted surfaces or as produced.
Swedish dental journal, 32(1), 35–45.
Link to article Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Tsumita, M., Kokubo, Y., Vult Von Steyern, P. & Fukushima, S. (2008).
Effect of framework shape on the fracture strength of implant-supported all-ceramic fixed partial dentures in the molar region.
Journal of Prosthodontics, Vol. 17, Issue 4, SP-EP: 274-285, SN 1059-941X.
Doi: 10.1111/j.1532-849X.2007.00287.x Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Larsson, C., Holm, L., Lövgren, N., Kokubo, Y. & Vult Von Steyern, P. (2007).
Fracture strength of four-unit Y-TZP FPD cores designed with varying connector diameter. An in-vitro study.
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, Vol. 34, Issue 9, SP-EP: 702-709, SN 0305-182X.
Doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2007.01770.x Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Kokubo, Y., Tsumita, M., Sakurai, S., Torizuka, K., Vult Von Steyern, P. & Fukushima, S. (2007).
The effect of core framework designs on the fracture loads of all-ceramic fixed partial dentures on posterior implants.
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, Vol. 34, Issue 7, SP-EP: 503-507, SN 0305-182X.
Doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2007.01751.x Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Larsson, C., Vult von Steyern, P., Sunzel, B. & Nilner, K. (2006).
All-ceramic two- to five-unit implant-supported reconstructions. A randomized, prospective clinical trial.
Swedish dental journal, 30(2), 45–53.
Link to article Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Vult Von Steyern, P., Ebbesson, S., Holmgren, J., Haag, P. & Nilner, K. (2006).
Fracture strength of two oxide ceramic crown systems after cyclic pre-loading and thermocycling.
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, Vol. 33, Issue 9, SP-EP: 682-689, SN 0305-182X.
Doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2005.01604.x Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Kokubo, Y., Nagayama, Y., Tsumita, M., Ohkubo, C., Fukushima, S. & Vult Von Steyern, P. (2005).
Clinical marginal and internal gaps of In-Ceram crowns fabricated using the GN-I system.
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, Vol. 32, Issue 10, SP-EP: 753-758, SN 0305-182X.
Doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2005.01506.x Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Kokubo, Y., Ohkubo, C., Tsumita, M., Miyashita, A., Vult von Steyern, P. & Fukushima, S. (2005).
Clinical marginal and internal gaps of Procera AllCeram crowns.
Journal of oral rehabilitation, 32(7), 526–530.
Doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2005.01458.x Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Vult von Steyern, P., Kokubo, Y. & Nilner, K. (2005).
Use of abutment-teeth vs. dental implants to support all-ceramic fixed partial dentures: an in-vitro study on fracture strength.
Swedish dental journal, 29(2), 53–60.
Link to article Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Vult von Steyern, P., Carlson, P. & Nilner, K. (2005).
All-ceramic fixed partial dentures designed according to the DC-Zirkon technique. A 2-year clinical study.
Journal of oral rehabilitation, 32(3), 180–187.
Doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2004.01437.x Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Haag, P., Andersson, M., Vult von Steyern, P. & Oden, A. (2004).
15 years of clinical experience with Procera®. A Review.
Applied Osseointegration Research, Vol. 4, SP-EP: 7-12.
Link to article Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Vult von Steyern, P., Jönsson, O. & Nilner, K. (2001).
Five-year evaluation of posterior all-ceramic three-unit (In-Ceram) FPDs.
The International journal of prosthodontics, 14(4), 379–384.
Link to article Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Reliability of the impression replica technique Lenke til et annet nettsted, åpnes i nytt vindu.
Scientific textbook chapters and other publications
Scientific textbook chapters:
Vult von Steyern P. All-ceramic bridges. In Esmark L, Hensten A, Öwall B, eds. Current Nordic Odontology 2007. Copenhagen; Munksgaard 2007.
Vult von Steyern P. Dental ceramics in the clinic, where are we today? In Esmark L, Karlsson S, Strand G, eds. Current Nordic Odontology 2010. Copenhagen; Munksgaard 2010; 155-168.
Molin Thorén M, Vult von Steyern P. Cosmetic and Aesthetic Considerations. In Karlsson S, Nilner K, Dahl BJ, eds. Fixed Prosthodontics, the Scandinavian Approach, 2nd ed 2013.
Vult von Steyern P. Dental Ceramics in Clinical Practice. In Karlsson S, Nilner K, Dahl BJ, eds. Fixed Prosthodontics, the Scandinavian Approach, 2nd ed., 2013
Vult von Steyern P, Papia E. Ceramics and cementation techniques; a summay. Current Nordic Odontology 2016. Copenhagen; Munksgaard 2016. 208 - 227.
Vult von Steyern P. Intra Oral Scanning and Intraoral Optical Scanners (IOS). Current Nordic Odontology 2016. Copenhagen; Munksgaard 2022. 88 – 101.
Publications in languages other than English or Swedish:
Tsumita M, Kokubo Y, Ohtsuka T, Nakamura Y, Fukushima S, Vult von Steyern P. Influences of Core Frame Design on the Mechanical Strength of Posterior AII-Ceramic Fixed Partial Dentures. Part 1. Two dimensional Finite Element Analysis. Language: Japanese.
Vult von Steyern P, Jonson O, Nilner K. 5-jahres-evaluation dreigliedriger vollkeramisher (In-Ceram) seiten-zahnbrücken. Quintessenz 2002; 53: 149-154. Language: German
Vult von Steyern P, Jonson O, Nilner K. Estudio de DPF posteriores de tres unidades totalamente ceramicas (In-Ceram) durante cinco anos. Revista Internacional de Protesis Estomatologica. Edicion Hispanoamerican 2002; 4: 60-65. Language: Spanish
Vult von Steyern P. Porcelain and high strength care ceramics for fixed partial dentures. A clinical and in-vitro study. Malmö university Odontological Dissertations 2001. Licentiat dissertation.
Vult von Steyern P. All-ceramic fixed partial dentures. Studies on aluminum oxide- and zirconium dioxide-based ceramic systems. Swed Dent J Suppl. 2005;(173):1-69. Doktoral dissertation.